Material and research methods of asthma at child
Materials and methodsThe study population was composed of children from two to 10 years of age, residents in the Pedregal neighborhood, the city of Campina Grande (PB). As data provided by the Municipal Health Bureau, there are 2,655 families registered by the Family Health Program (PSF), and the estimated population of 10,706 inhabitants. Of this total, we estimate that children in the age group of 2 to 10 years comprise 14.9% (n@1.600) of the residents.
The work was started on July 1 and concluded on October 30, 2001. We applied the standard written questionnaire of the ISAAC (module asthma) to identify the possible asthma. It was applied to those responsible for 1,095 children during home visits, where the containers were delivered to the collection of stool. Before the completion of standard questionnaire ISAAC3, the term of free and informed consent was read and explained, until they had doubts on the part of legal responsibility. Have been included 742 (67.8%) children, who handed the fecal samples to conduct the examination parasite in the laboratory of clinical pathology at University Hospital Alcides Carneiro (HUAC), Federal University of Paraiba (Campina Grande, MO). So were lost or not attended by closing the office to collect the neighborhood, 353 (32.2%) children, for not submitting the specimen fecal examination for the parasite. The parasite responsible for examining technical know which group belonged to child (asthma or non-asthma).
The Standard ISAAC3 questionnaire was used to assess the prevalence of asthma and its symptoms, being characterized as suffering from asthma those children with the presence of wheezing in some period of his life. In search of the Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in faeces, was used the method of sedimentation of spontaneous Lutz, Hoffman, Pons and Janner8. All children with eggs of geo-helminths were treated with mebendazole (100mg, 2x a day for three days) and holders of other intestinal parasites diagnosed.
In the statistical analysis of the variables (gender, age, family income, family history of atopy, diagnosis of asthma and ascariasis), the software was used SPSS (Statistical Packge for Social Sciences) version 9.0 for Windows. In assessing the agreement (association) of diagnoses of asthma and infection A. lumbricoides, the index was applied for Kappa. In the analysis of other variables as the type of them, were applied to the chi-square test (c2) or the Student's t test for paired samples. In the interpretation of statistical tests, was regarded as the statistical significance is the likelihood (r) of error type I (a) were equal to or less than 5.0% (p <0.05). n =" 385)" n =" 357)" n =" 1,095)," c2 =" 0.69;"> 0.70; g.1 = 1).
Table 1 also shows, within each group, as the result of the questionnaire ISSAC (with or without asthma), that distribution of ascariasis did not differ (r> 0.28) on the sex of children, average age, age or family income. However, the group without asthma, ascariasis with the girls (60.1%) were more frequent that the boys (49.3%), but this difference was within the limits of statistical significance (r = 0.06).
For asthma and its symptoms, as shown in Table 2, the frequency of "wheezing ever in life" was 59.7% (443/742), "wheezing in the last 12 months", 34.8% ( 258/742); "number of crises", 13.7% (101/742) had more than 12 years in crisis, "difficulty in the talks" was 31.0% (229/742), "wheezing after year" , 29.4% (218/742) and "Night cough", 62.7% (465/742). These symptoms did not differ statistically (r> 0.20) between the group with or without ascariasis.
By comparing the correlation (52.2%; 387/742) of diagnoses of asthma and ascariasis (in 253 children) and the absence of both (on 134 children) with the disagreement (47.8%; 355/742) of diagnoses ( 165 children with ascariasis and without asthma, and 190 with asthma and without ascariasis), the Kappa index was 0019 - considered within the limits of agreement low or very low (k from 0.0 to 0.20).
Assessing the history of allergy in the family (Table 3), the frequencies of parents, grandparents and uncles with similar history did not differ (r> 0.07) between groups of children with or without asthma. However, children suffering from asthma had significantly (p <0.0001),>
The work was started on July 1 and concluded on October 30, 2001. We applied the standard written questionnaire of the ISAAC (module asthma) to identify the possible asthma. It was applied to those responsible for 1,095 children during home visits, where the containers were delivered to the collection of stool. Before the completion of standard questionnaire ISAAC3, the term of free and informed consent was read and explained, until they had doubts on the part of legal responsibility. Have been included 742 (67.8%) children, who handed the fecal samples to conduct the examination parasite in the laboratory of clinical pathology at University Hospital Alcides Carneiro (HUAC), Federal University of Paraiba (Campina Grande, MO). So were lost or not attended by closing the office to collect the neighborhood, 353 (32.2%) children, for not submitting the specimen fecal examination for the parasite. The parasite responsible for examining technical know which group belonged to child (asthma or non-asthma).
The Standard ISAAC3 questionnaire was used to assess the prevalence of asthma and its symptoms, being characterized as suffering from asthma those children with the presence of wheezing in some period of his life. In search of the Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in faeces, was used the method of sedimentation of spontaneous Lutz, Hoffman, Pons and Janner8. All children with eggs of geo-helminths were treated with mebendazole (100mg, 2x a day for three days) and holders of other intestinal parasites diagnosed.
In the statistical analysis of the variables (gender, age, family income, family history of atopy, diagnosis of asthma and ascariasis), the software was used SPSS (Statistical Packge for Social Sciences) version 9.0 for Windows. In assessing the agreement (association) of diagnoses of asthma and infection A. lumbricoides, the index was applied for Kappa. In the analysis of other variables as the type of them, were applied to the chi-square test (c2) or the Student's t test for paired samples. In the interpretation of statistical tests, was regarded as the statistical significance is the likelihood (r) of error type I (a) were equal to or less than 5.0% (p <0.05). n =" 385)" n =" 357)" n =" 1,095)," c2 =" 0.69;"> 0.70; g.1 = 1).
Table 1 also shows, within each group, as the result of the questionnaire ISSAC (with or without asthma), that distribution of ascariasis did not differ (r> 0.28) on the sex of children, average age, age or family income. However, the group without asthma, ascariasis with the girls (60.1%) were more frequent that the boys (49.3%), but this difference was within the limits of statistical significance (r = 0.06).
For asthma and its symptoms, as shown in Table 2, the frequency of "wheezing ever in life" was 59.7% (443/742), "wheezing in the last 12 months", 34.8% ( 258/742); "number of crises", 13.7% (101/742) had more than 12 years in crisis, "difficulty in the talks" was 31.0% (229/742), "wheezing after year" , 29.4% (218/742) and "Night cough", 62.7% (465/742). These symptoms did not differ statistically (r> 0.20) between the group with or without ascariasis.
By comparing the correlation (52.2%; 387/742) of diagnoses of asthma and ascariasis (in 253 children) and the absence of both (on 134 children) with the disagreement (47.8%; 355/742) of diagnoses ( 165 children with ascariasis and without asthma, and 190 with asthma and without ascariasis), the Kappa index was 0019 - considered within the limits of agreement low or very low (k from 0.0 to 0.20).
Assessing the history of allergy in the family (Table 3), the frequencies of parents, grandparents and uncles with similar history did not differ (r> 0.07) between groups of children with or without asthma. However, children suffering from asthma had significantly (p <0.0001),>
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